Item

Churches in St. Andrews

For Sale,
A single pew on the West Isle of the St. Andrews Church, belonging to the subscriber (if not disposed of by private sale,) will be sold at public auction, on the 1st of June next, to the highest bidder. John Merrill, March 11, 1822
—St. Andrews Herald, August 1, 1820

Standard
Oct 5, 1833
The Roman Catholic Church, sometime ago erected in this town, having been found too small for the rapidly increasing congregation, is in progress of being enlarged by an addition to the Southeast end fronting on Mary Street, surmounted by a steeple and spire in just proportions and good taste. Although the belfry be not yet quite finished, the fine Bell, presented to this Church by John Wilson, Esquire, was yesterday elevated to its permanent situation, and will, no doubt blend its tones, tomorrow, with those of the Episcopal Church and Scotch Kirk.

Standard
Nov 19, 1835
If William Moore and Molly Armour or Moore his wife, (who emigrated some considerable time ago from Ireland to Saint Andrews, New Brunswick,) will apply to the Rev. Alexr. MacLean, Minister of the Scotch Church in that town the will both hear of something to their advantage.
Saint Andrews, Sep. 22, 1835.

Standard
May 11/1837
Temperance House: "a house of Entertainment, on Water Street, opposite the Church block, where travellers can be accommodated on the temperance system." John Bailey

Standard
Dec 31, 1841
Temperance Procession
The procession of the members of the Catholic Total Abstinence Society which was to have taken place on Monday last, was postponed until tomorrow, when the procession will form before the Catholic Church after 11 o’clock Mass, and after taking the appointed route, will again return within the Church when the Rev. Mr. Quin will address them on the all important subject of temperance.

Standard
Jan 7, 1842
Temperance Procession
Pursuant to notice and according to announcement in the last number of this paper, the procession of the members of the Catholic total Abstinence Society took place on Saturday last the Instant. It was a glorious sight, well timed, commencing with the New Year, and well deserving of the warmest approbation of the philanthropist, and every well wisher of humanity. it was a glorious sight we repeat, to see some hundred so persons of all ages and sexes, an indication and guarantee, that hundreds upon hundreds will follow their brilliant example, to see them by a most public act in the face of the world, ratify the promise they had previously made, ever to abandon the use of intoxicating spirits, the great source of evils and abuses.
            After the celebration of High Mass in the Catholic church, the members of the Society retired into the new and commodious School House, and having suspended their medals, appointed the flag and banner bearers, and ? on the line of route, they were drawn out into line and marched in the following order:
            Band of Music
            The solders of the Garrison, being members, with a blue and union flag,
            Male juvenile Members of the Society, two deep, with Medals suspended from green and blue ribbons,
            Females, two deep.
            Banner with a full length portrait of the Apostle of Temperance, in the act of administering the Pledge to a number of postulants
            Male adults, two deep, who composed a formidable body of well attired and respectable men.
After the procession hade gone through the appointed route (the principal streets in the town) at several of the most public place so which they were met by groups of respectable inhabitants, who to show approbation, and good feeling at the strange, but happy scene which they witnessed greeted them most cordially. The procession returned in the same manner and re-entered the Church. Owing to the excellent arrangements made for the return of the members of the Society, and . . . occupying he galleries of the Church, comfortably accommodated. When the noise and hubbub had subsided, and everybody had taken the places the Rev. Quin ascended the pulpit and in his usual free, but animate and persuasive style, entertained the crowded audience for nearly an hour and a half on the all absorbing and important subject to temperance.
            In the evening the juvenile Members of the Society, male and female, under the superintendence of Mr. and Mrs. Daly, who preside over the Parochial School, enjoyed themselves by partaking of a temperance repast, which in joyful and innocent merriment with sentiments, speeches, and songs, they prolonged to a late hour, when they separated, highly delighted with he entertainments.
            we did ourselves the pleasure of visiting them, and shared fully in their hilarity, and although the occasion was one of joy, it was to us one of serious thought;--the dangers and perils, and the wreck of virtue and fortune, from which many a youth before us were perhaps rescued by the happy circumstance which gave rise to the festive scene we were witnessing, fleeting across our mind; and whilst we envied them, for the propitious stars under which they wert born, we could not help congratulating them on the happy, prospers and unsullied life upon which they were just entering, and with these commingled feelings we returned to our home having completed one of the most interesting and we hope instructive days of our lives. [The editor at this time is A. W. Smith]

Standard
June 8/1853
On Monday evening last, the Company belonging to Torrent Engine, turned out in their new uniforms with the Engine and hose carriage, for the purpose of trying the Engine. They marched up Water street, and presented a very neat and orderly appearance; the dress is a fireman’s cap painted black, with a guard of triangular form in front, on which is gilded the figure 1; blue shirt with red collar and facings, dark overhauls, fastened with a broad leather belt. Several experiments were made with the Engine as to its capacity in throwing water. With upwards of 150 feet of hose a large stream was thrown over Mr. Street’s two story brick house, and with 80 feet of hose a steady stream was thrown into and over the belfry on the Scotch church, a distance of 70 feet. In fact the Engine gives entire satisfaction, and we may add, that should the services of the gallant Company be called into requisition, that fine body of men will be found “ready” and willing to do their duty.

Standard
Oct 14/1857
From Carleton Sentinel:
Our readers may wish to know something about St. Andrews. It is a cleanly, pleasant-looking town, well laid out, covering a very considerable area, but not at all compactly built. At one time St. Andrews was the center of a very large and flourishing trade; but of late years it has been going behind hand, and there are none of those indications of improvement and progress to be found which in such a marked manner characterize Woodstock. But it must now, we should suppose, rapidly grow and improve, becoming, as it is a grand outlet for the trade and produce of the wealthiest portions of the province.
            The population of St. Andrews is about 2000. It has four churches, one grammar school, and seven common schools; likewise two printing offices, that of the Standard and Provincialist. Its principal manufacturing establishments consist of a brewery, an iron-foundry, and a steam mill: this latter, we understand, has been recently purchased by the RR company--there are several very good houses of entertainment, we were told: of our friend Bradford's we can speak confidently.

Standard
Sept 10/1862
Baptist Church, with Gothic tower, to be erected.

Standard
Oct 14/1863
Bayside a prospering district: Baptist church, new post office, store, commodious school house, agricultural Hall. F. W. Bradford's premises handsome. Rev. A. D. Thompson pretty conservatory. Many residences show elegance and refinement absent elsewhere in province. Mr. Rideout employs large number of men in his shipyard.

Standard
June 15/1864
Frame of new Wesleyan church about to be raised.

Standard
Aug 28/1866
Frame of Episcopal Church being raised. “It is to be regretted that the Church was not erected on the commanding site originally selected, as it would present a more commanding view--but the majority decided otherwise.”

Standard
May 22/1867
New Wesleyan Church to be dedicated next Sat.

Standard
Nov 6/1867
Description of consecration of All Saints Church, and of Church itself. Plans furnished and construction superintended by Henry Osburn of NB&C Railway. Made of native NB spruce and pine.

Standard
Jan 15, 1868
The old church was sold and is being pulled down; many person sin the town witnessed the removal of the materials of the venerable building with feelings of sorrow. In the sacred edifice they had been baptized, and in after years united in the bonds of matrimony; in it too, the remains of their parents were placed during the solemn funeral service; there they had been instructed in the truth of the Gospel, and listened at different periods of eloquent and impressive expositions of Scripture; many hallowed associations are connected with the good old church, which for several years was the only House of Worship in the town, where Christians met in time of peace and war, to perform their Sabbath service. The building we are informed was upwards of 80 years old, yet the timbers are both sound and good; indeed no such pine boards can be purchased now in this vicinity. The site would be a good one for town hall or mechanics Institute, as its situation is central and convenient, or it would answer admirably for the proposed new Custom House and Post Office.

Standard
Oct 22, 1873
Fannie Tilley, daughter of Sir Leonard, married at All Saints Church. Details. Tilley has also made unspecified renovations to his house in St. Andrews.

Pilot
July 6, 1878
Jottings on the Street, No. 2
Passing on from the “Vacant Lot,” and passing, too, a few private residences, we find a neat little “Bakery” kept by Mr. Alexander McElwee. The aged proprietor of this bread and cake establishment has persevered with strong pertinacity of purpose against the pelting storms of adversity, and deserved much credit for his unbroken industry. He has long maintained the reputation of a “good Baker,” and many an empty stomach has been well filled by the big white loaf from McElwee’s oven. May he, for years to come, feed the hungry, and delight the palate with his nice bread and tasty pastry. Now, on the opposite side, the water wide of Water Street, we take a look at “Beckerton’s Store.” This tore is well located to “catch” the country custom. at the upper end of the town, and directly “in the way” of getting the first sight and hearing of the rural visitors, and keeping just such a variety as experience provides, it would be strange if the good-natured vendor of vendibles did not “draw in” many producers and consumers into his commercial net, to rejoice in mutual gratification over mutual good bargains. Just so.
            This location has its history, and an interesting one it is. The limited space of newspaper columns will not admit of more than a few passing remarks. All along this part of the water side of the street, over 50 years ago, an old Scotchman, Mr. Christopher Scott, could walk and call it his. Large, long and substantial wharves ran far away down towards low water mark; and Christopher Scott’s name was synonymous with busy life and industry.
            The wharves are all gone; and so has their owner and builder old Capt. Scott. He was a singular man, had many good qualities but was eccentric. He was a zealous Presbyterian and evinced it in the zealous and expensive completion of the Kirk. He was an old sea captain, and made many voyages from St. Andrews to Scotland. He had a partner, who is said to have been a most excellent man; his name was John Strang.
            The Presbyterian Congregation having begun the building of the Kirk, found themselves unable to finish. Capt. Scott proposed to finish it, provided they gave him a title deed to it, and build a manse. To this they agreed, after some parleying about the details. Col. McKay owned the lot on which the manse was to be built. The cellar was dug, the foundation laid, and other preparations for the manse; the old Captain in the meantime pushing on the work on the Kirk with vigour. He spared no expense, and the edifice to this day shows, by its elaborate, rich, mahogany finish, and other costly decorations hat money was laid out on it with no miser hand. The house now occupied by the editor of the “Standard” stands on the very spot selected as the site for the manse. Another stipulation made by the eccentric Scott was that an Oak Tree should grace the front of the steeple. As there is no rose without a thorn, so the Oak Tree had its thorns.
            The Congregation failed in their contracts about the Manse, and then Scott shut down in Scottish ire upon the Kirk. He swore—just as Uncle Toby swore in Flanders, he swore that he would lock up the Kirk, and so he did—Scott locked up the Kirk, and so, things appeared to come to a “dead lock,” for a time.
            Scott had a son called “Willie,” and he determined to give “Willie” the title-deed of the Kirk, and so called in Mr. Wm. McLean as notary, to write the conveyance. Scott had a fine dinner prepared and wines in abundance, (Scott never wore the “blue ribbon,”) several friends invited, and all things ready to witness having “Willie” put in possession of the Kirk. Mr. McLean refused to write the conveyance, and by dint of persuasion so far pacified the irate Scotchman who got “tight” on the occasion, that he relinquished the conveying at that time; subsequently, however, he got another scribe and had it conveyed to “Willie.”
            He closed the church gates—took down the Bell, and again the old Captain swore that he would convert the building into anything but a Kirk. He had brought over from Scotland Rev. Mr. McLean, and that pious and good man did much towards restoring confusion to order. After a time, the difficulties were all removed, “Willie” resigned the title, the congregation and Minister became the legitimate owners, and the church came forth all the bright from the trouble.
            Under the broad leave of that majestic Oak Tree, and about half way up its trunk, black letters on a white ground, read thus: “Greenock Church, Finished June 1824.” 54 years, this very month, have thus rolled away into Time’s fathomless maelstrom, since “Greenock Church” was finished; and with this more half-a-century, what changes in the world! Ay, what changes in St. Andrews.
            Alas! Our fathers, where are they, and echo plaintively asks, where? Of all that figures contemporaneous with old Capt. Scott, only, one that we know of, is left to tell the tale, and that is the good old Wm. McLean, now in the 96th year of his age. Another step or two in advance, and other interesting scenes are looming up before us, but we must postpone until next week.

Pilot
Sept 4, 1879
Hymeneal!
During the pat week considerable interest has been excited in Town, in consequence of the issuing of invitations as follows:
Sir Leonard and Lady Tilley request the pleasure of your company of Thursday morning , Sept 4th, at 8:30 o’clock. Ceremony at All Saints Church. Dejeuner at Linden Grange. Jessie Tilley, John DeWolfe Chipman. An early answer will oblige.
[Description here of Sir Leonard’s daughter’s marriage]

Pilot
June 24, 1880
Confirmation
St. Andrews R. C. Church, in this town, was on Sunday morning the scene of a very interesting ceremony, one calculated to impress the participants therein with feelings of pleasurable devotion. Seventy nine candidates, thirty two of whom were girls and forty seven boys and young men, in which were included a number of both sexes, representatives of the Aborigines of this continent, members of the Milicete tribe of Indians, were presented by the Rev. E. Doyle, to His Lordship the Rev. J. Sweeney, D. d., Bishop of St. John, for the sacrament of Confirmation.

St. Croix Courier
Sept 1/1881
Details of singing performances at benefit concert held at Argyll for new fence for Episcopal Church. Program.

Pilot
March 5/1885
Old house and outbuilding on site for proposed Catholic Church offered for sale at auction.

Pilot
May 14/1885
Large numbers of rooms have been reserved at Argyll.
Editor reviews plans for new Catholic church.
No. 2 Fire Engine Company is called “Faugh-a-ballagh.”

Pilot
Dec 9, 1886
The Church of St. Andrew
The new church erected by the Catholic congregation of this town, was used for worship for the first time on Sunday the 5th inst. Masses were celebrated at 9 and 11 am, and vespers at 3:30 pm.
            That a new church was required, will be readily admitted, when the bad state of repair of the old one is considered. It was a question with the zealous and energetic priest of the parish, Rev. Father O’Flaherty, which was the wiser course, to pursue, repair and enlarge the old church, or erect a new one better adapted to the present requirements of the congregation, and more conveniently located. Having settled that question in his own mind, and having secured the consent of his Lordship, Bishop Sweeney, together with that of leading member of the church in this parish, Father O’Flaherty at once took steps to secure a suitable site for the new building. He was fortunate enough to get a lot or lots, 160 feet square, bounded on one side by King and on the other by Parr street, the lots secured, the initial step towards the building was begun in March 1885, by hauling thereto the stone for the foundation, every stone of which was quarried and hauled free of coast, through the kindness of a number of the parishioners, with whom were associated friends of other communions. The following month, the excavation for the foundation and cellar was commenced by Mr. Peter Carroll, under contract, and finished up in good shape. Immediately afterward a contract was made with Mr. Levi Handy for building the foundation, which he built solidly and well, and in a satisfactory manner. The excavation for and erection of the foundation cost about eight hundred dollar. Meanwhile plans and specification of the building were prepared by G. Ernest Fairweather, Esq., Architect of St. John, upon which tenders were asked, and of these submitted, that Mr. Andrew Myles, of Portland, St. John, was accepted. The tender and contract included the furnishing of material, erection of frame, and the exterior finish of the building which was figured about $3,500. The contract was completed and taken off the contractors’ hands, in December, 1885. Work was then suspended for the winter. In August last operations were again commenced with a view of the completion of the church. This part of the work which embrace the interior finish of the building, painting, etc., conditionally provided for in the first contract made with Mr. Myles, was done by him and sub-contractors under him that is to say the plastering by Mr. Levi Handy, of St. Andrews, the painting by Mr. M. H. Pullen of St. John, the pewing and interior wood finish by Mr. Myles, all of whom performed the work called for by their contracts in a satisfactory manner. The outlay on the building so far amounted to about $6,500.
            The church is of the modern Gothic style of architecture, and with its tower and spire presents a very attractive exterior. From the ground to the apex of the cross surmounting the spire is one hundred feet; the ground space occupied by the main building is 50 x 70 feet; the vestry 17 x 28 feet. The church stands near the western side of the lot with its front facing King street, from which through the main door entry is made into the sacred edifice; entry is also had through a side door leading to a passage and inner door in the tower. On entering the church and taking a survey thereof, one is favorably prepossessed with its fine proportions, and neat and airy appearance, there being an entire absence of that deep religious gloom so often spoken of in connection with places of worship, the ceiling of the aisles and nave are finished in wood paneling, (stained in imitation of satin wood) with cherry trimmings. The pews, wainscoting and sanctuary railing, are of native ash, oil finished. From the floor to the angle of the ceiling is 40 feet, the aisles are each 11 feet wide, and the nave 28 feet. The vestry is entered by doors to the right and left of the sanctuary rails, and also by a door leading from the east aisle. The altar and organ are those that were in use in the old church, it is to be hoped they will only be temporarily required in the new, and that some liberal souls may be moved to present the church with new and more costly ones. The organ stands in the organ gallery, situated immediately inside and above the main doorway, entry to which is had by a door and stairway leading from the tower.
            The pews are very neat and comfortable to worship in, they number 56 with floor room for about as many more. The pews were made by Messrs. Scott, Lawton and Love, of St. John.
            In accordance with the practice of the church, the building was privately blessed. The church like the old one, is under patronage of St. Andrews, and will be formally dedicated b his Lordship bishop Sweeney, sometime next summer, of which due notice will be given.
The Catholics of St. Andrews are to be congratulated upon now having a neat and comfortable church, reflecting credit upon their worthy priest, Father O’Flaherty, the members of the building committee, and the congregation, to the united efforts of all is due the fine building which is an ornament to the town of St. Andrews.

Beacon
Jan 23/1890
Hon B. R. Stevenson Dead
A Brief Sketch of his Career. Buried with Masonic Honors
The deceased was in his fifty-fifth year, having been born in SA, April 10, 1835. the grammar school here supplied him with his early education. In 1854 he graduated from the university of NB with the degree of BA. Six years later he was called to the bar of the Province. In 1867 Mr. Stevenson resigned his position of registrar of probates for Charlotte county and accepted nomination for a seat in the Local legislature, to which he was elected. he was returned in 1870 and in 1871 he was appointed a member of the executive council of the province with the position of surveyor general. he occupied that important position until 1878, when he resigned, but continued a member of the executive council until 1879, when he resigned and accepted the speakership, a position he filled with ability and satisfaction until 1883, when he retired from pubic life with the office of Judge of Probates of his native county. the deceased was married in 1866, to a daughter of the late Mr. William Bolton, who, with a son and daughter, survives him.
            In everything pertaining to the welfare of his native place, he took an active interest. For a number of years he was president of the Charlotte County Agricultural Society. As a trustee of schools, he was largely instrumental in bringing the schools up to their present high standing. he was prominently identified with the Masonic body, having occupied the responsible position of Grand master. In the Anglican Church, he was one of its foremost men, and was a constant attendant at he deliberations of the Synod and Diocesan Church Society. At the time of his death and for many years before, he was a warden of All Saints Church Sa, and contributed largely of his bounty to the support of the church. He was deeply interested in railways, being one of the largest stockholders in the Saint John and Maine Railway. In the schemes of the advancement of St. Andrews he took a leading part, being at he time of his decease solicitor the St. Andrews Land Company. A man of sterling integrity, of generous, charitable disposition he attracted around him many warm friends who will sincerely deplore his all to early death.
            The interment of the deceased took place on Saturday afternoon, being under the auspices of St. Marks’ Lodge, of St. Andrews. . . . The procession was one of the largest ever seen in St. Andrews. The services in the church were conducted by Rev. R. E. Smith, in consequence of the illness of Re. Dr. Ketchum. The church was almost completely filled.. . . .

Beacon
March 27/1890
A Miserable Business
Rev. A. Gunn Fires a Shot at “Pop” Drinkers
A Danger that Dorchester will Receive some of Our Citizens
When Rev. A. Gunn arose in the Presbyterian pulpit on Sunday evening to deliver his usual discourse, he state that at a future day he proposed to make some remarks upon Sabbath desecration, a sin, he remarked, that appeared to be increasing rather than decreasing in this community.
            There was another subject upon which he proposed saying something about, and that was “this miserable pop business.” On previous occasions he had pointed out that the man who sells intoxicating liquor in the County of charlotte violates the law of the land. He is a criminal. The man who buys the liquor and rinks it has also committed a grave wrong. He is an accessory in crime. In this case the law does not punish the accessory, but there are cases in which the accessory is very severely punished.
            The facts, said he, which have come out at late trials here, show a low state of moral sentiment in certain quarters. They show that some men have lost much of the honor the Creator endowed them with. On more than one occasion, the preacher said that he had shown that drink demoralizes a man and deprives him of honor. If there was false swearing at the trails to which he alluded, he would not say, but this he would say—things do not look well. A man may afford to pay a liquor dealer’s fine, but he cannot afford to get the dealer clear by swearing falsely. The price was too much. It was high time that the moral sentiment of this community was raised. If it does not, Saint Andrews will lose some of her citizens, and the population of Dorchester will be correspondingly increased. There will be a short turn some day. He had raised his voice, he had given a warning. His remarks were not directed particularly to his congregation. We want a high moral sentiment here. It is time the moral sentiment was raised. If a man has done wrong, let him like a man acknowledge his wrong. The law does not punish the man who buys; it does not punish the accessory. The moral guilt remains however. If a man is guilty, let him not attempt to conceal it by a greater crime. When a man takes an oath it requires of him that he shall tell the truth, the whole truth and nothing but the truth. If he endeavours to conceal facts, or employs subterfuges, he has violated his oath, and punishment awaits him.
            The reverend gentleman then proceeded with his sermon, the pith of which was that if men employed the same diligence in seeking after spiritual things as they do in seeking after gold, or silver, or hidden treasure, it would be better for their eternal welfare. During the course of his remarks he stated that if he offered two dollars per day to people to attend church, he had no doubt that the church would be crowded, but, because he had something better to offer them, but few attended. Yet there were people who would accept a dollar and a half per day to go out on the lake at the Sabbath day and work. [directed at the Chamcook Ice business, it seems]

Beacon
May 1/1890
A Bit of History
Historical Sketch of Church of England in SA
What we owe to the Life and Labor of Two Good Men
Written by Rev. Canon Ketchum, Rector of All Saints Church
The circumstances attending the American Revolution, and the final separation from the mother country, form some of the saddest incidents in past history. From first to last, on the part of the British government, there was the grossest mismanagement. Now, that the remembrance of the bitterness of this deadly strife is past, the wise ordering of the Divine Providence can be plainly observed and this not only as affecting the state more than the church of England in the American colonies. All along the church had been weak in the disaffected Provinces. It met with no aid or support from the ruling powers in England. At the outbreak of the revolution, the Church of England, with its episcopacy and connection with the State, was regarded with intense dislike by the powerful Publican party; its members were classed with all those loyal to the crown, and were in most instances, treated accordingly.
            The fearful struggle was over AD 1776. Independence was secured by those who had dared and suffered much. Then came about the most interesting incidents in that stirring time, the departure of the loyal refugees. They were, for the most part, members of the Church of England. Loyalty to the Great Head of the Church as well as loyalty to the crown formed the principle which led to this movement. They little thought that the foundations were being laid for one of the greatest earthly powers, and far less that in a century, that church, in behalf of which they were ready to suffer, would in the country they left, become one of the strongest of its branches, its members truly loyal to Him by “whom kings reign,” maintaining the closest communion with the Mother Church in England and colonies.
            Few fail to admire the self-denial and determination on the part of those who left comparative comfort and culture to form new homes, in most instances in a wilderness and in a trying climate. Loyalists in considerable numbers took up their abode in St. John and King’s country. Many went further up the Saint John and settled at Fredericton and Woodstock and at points along that river. 
            SA at that time, from its opportunity for trade and shipping, [why it was founded in the first place] was becoming a prosperous place, [before Loyalists?] as much so as any in the Province. Here came in 1783, several families of the loyal refugees, and soon occupied a prominent position in the place. Some of the earliest interments in the Province took place in the old church burial ground. Lately the grave stones have been carefully set up; the inscriptions on many a deeply interesting, going back in some instance a 100 years and more.
            Almost coeval with the laying out of the town we find a record of a parochial establishment in connection with the Church of England. The Rev. Dr. Cook was then ecclesiastical commissary, under the Bishop of NS, whose Diocese included the Province of NB. In November 1785 Dr. Cook visited St. Andrews. He speaks of its as “about 20 leagues distant from Saint John, the town well settled and consisting of 200 houses. There were no less than 60 children who had not been baptized, which gave,” he says, “their parents great uneasiness.” At the earnest desire of the Bishop, coupled with the request of the Governor, who had just been at SA, Dr. Cook undertook a long and perilous voyage. He set out from Saint John in a brig Nov 6th, 1785. Owing to severe weather he did not reach Campobello until the 13th. He landed on the island, read prayers and preached to the settlers. He baptised a woman 40 years old, and 7 children. On the 16th of Nov., Dr. Cooke reached St. Andrews where he was kindly and hospitably entertained at the house of Robert Pagan. He “held service,” he writes, “on the following Sunday and had a very decent and respectable congregation, and performed 50 baptisms. He then crossed the bay to Digdeguash and baptised ten. Here, on account of the cold weather, he was detained three days. Returning to St. Andrews he baptised 12 more. Many parents were hindered from bringing out their children by the inclemency of the weather.
            Many prominent clergymen, especially in the States of NY and Connecticut were ready to cast in their lot with the loyalists. Among them was the Rev. Samuel Andrews of Wallingford, Con. He was a graduate of Yale College and was ordained by the Bishop of London AD 1760. From the church at Wallingford, Mr. Andrews brought with him the crown and coast of arms, which are now placed over the west door in All Saints church. The parish and church he left are now among the most important in the Diocese. A celebration of the centennial of the parish will be held in June next. Here, it may be mentioned, that the relatives of the first rector of St. Andrews in the United States, have manifested a deep interest in this parish. From them were received the beautiful chancel windows in All Saints Church, as a memorial to the Rev. Samuel Andrews. They have also given generously towards the fund lately expended in improving the grounds and restoring and cleaning the grave stones in the old church burial ground.
            The following is a copy from the minutes of the first meeting of the Vestry in the parish of Sa, held August 2, 1786. Present, Rev. Samuel Andrews; Thomas Wyer, and Joseph Garnet, Ch. Wardens John Hall, Maurice Scott, John Dunn, Joseph Pendlebury, John Bentley, Vestrymen. William Gallop, esq., appeared and was sworn in a vestryman and took his seat accordingly. A letter was read by the missionary, of which the following is an extract:
            I have invited you here at this time to consult upon such measures as may be requisite in the settlement and enrolment of this infant Church. The first thing should be a letter of thanks to the Society for the propagation of the gospel for their liberal provision for the support of the gospel among you, for their interests with the government, and the conditions for the further support of the missionary. Your abilities at present are too slender to render that support considerable. You would do well to apply to the governor for a charter of incorporation. The Society in England, together with the government have agreed to contribute towards the building a decent Glebe House. I wish to bring my family next spring, the cost of removing large family such a distance is very considerable, and in the service for the parish I am now spending for my board that money which the Society in England gave me to defray the expense of removing.”
            To this letter a kind and most courteous response was made by the vestry. Further on, in these interesting records, we find the judicious suggestions of the Rector were carried out.
            From a valuable work by G. Herbert Lee, on the first fifty years of the Church of England in NB, it is said: On arriving at St. Andrews the Rev. Samuel Andrews found “a considerable body of people of different national extractions, living in great harmony and peace, punctual in attending divine service and behaving with propriety and devotion.” The civil magistrate, ever since the town was settled, had acted as Lay Reader on Sundays, and set the people a good example.
            In 1788 a church 55 x 40 was built and opened on St. Andrews day. Towards this a large allowance was contributed by the government. A bell weighing 350 pounds was given by Mr. John MacMaster, merchant in London. During thy year ending June 1780, [sic] Mr. Andrews baptised 70 persons. In 9 months Ad 1791 he baptised 110. In a distant part of the parish, in a lonely house, after due preparation he baptized the matron of a family, 82 years of age, her son of 60 years, 2 grandsons and 7 great grand children.
            The church, which was among the first erected in the province, was afterwards enlarged by an apsidal chancel, and was in many respects far superior to many churches built at that time. Replaced by the present parish church 1867, the timers and other materials of the old church were found on their being taken down to be of the very best description. In some instances, they had been brought from the US. The pulpit, doors and large portion of the inner roof of the present church are formed from the wood of the first church built in St. Andrews.
            After the erection of the church, the parochial work of the rector of the parish was more concentrated, with regular services. . . . The work of Mr. Andrews was necessarily very trying. He was rector of SA, and the only missionary, for many years of the County of Charlotte. He performed all his arduous duties with zeal and ability. Old records tell of extended visits of adjacent island and far up the country, in what are now the flourishing parishes of St. Stephen and St. George. Bear in mind the difficulty of travelling those days before even roads were made. . . . The death of Mr. Andrews occurred on the 26th Sept, 1818, at the advanced age of 82 years, thirty of which had been spent in the arduous work of a missionary in NB In a notice in the Saint John City Gazette, Oct. 7th, 1818, it is said: “This pious and amiable character has retired from the world full of years and of a admiration and esteem of all who knew him. . . . and while memory hold its seat the recollection of his virtues and of his worth will be consecrated in the hearts of all his parishioners.

Beacon
June 26/1890
Ninety Years Ago
Extracts From the Record of the Sessions
The extracts which we published last week from the record of the first court of sessions
SUPPRESSING VICE AND IMMORALITY
Rev. Samuel Andrews requested the aid of the court in 1789 in suppressing vice and immorality. The Grand Jury replied:--
That they feel deeply impressed with the truths stated by the Reverend Mr. Andrews, particularly the profanation of the Lord’s Day. They lament that the regulations heretofore made to prevent drunkenness on the Sabbath have not had the desired effect; they also beg leave to state that it would be proper for the Sessions to take some measure to prevent fowling and fishing on the Sabbath, which they are sorry to learn is practiced by some persons in town, likewise to prevent boys and servants playing in the streets in different parts of this Town, which has been long complained of as a nuisance. It is customary in many places for the church Wardens to visit public houses and different parts of their parishes during divine service and at other times on the Lord’s Day; they believe such a regulation would be attended with good effect in this parish.

Beacon
April 2/1891
History of the St. Andrews R. C. Church
By Emily Donoghue
(written for the Beacon)

Beacon
July 16/1891
Octave Thanet writes of her Vacation Trip to Old St. Andrews by the sea.
SA by the Sea, July 1/1891
. . .
            Of course in such a town there are divers objects of interest. Every stranger is expected to visit the Indian camp and the Blockhouse, Fort Tipperary and the Scotch Kirk. The Kirk is a white building with a bell tower and the picture of a green, green oak displayed on the façade. Here the Scotch Presbyterians, of whom there is a goodly number in SA, worship and receive the Word from an unconscionably high pulpit.
            Tradition has a pretty story about the church. It was built early in the century by a generous but opinionated Scotchman. He wanted a church that suited him within and without; as the shortest, peaceable route to his own will and way he built and furnished an kept the church, giving the use of it to the parish on condition that they paid the taxes. How grateful the congregation was, one cannot decide; perhaps they grumbled and criticized John Scott’s taste, and wondered why when he was about it, “a man of his means,” he couldn’t pay the taxes; it is certain, anyhow, that they did not pay the taxes themselves. Then the giver rose up in his wrath and the following Sunday, when they assembled, they found the doors locked and John Scott ready with a fiery discourse on their sins of omission.
            Somehow, peace must have been patched up, for the church was left to them at his death, with this queer proviso—as if John Scott will push his finger into their affairs even from the grave!—every year the picture of an oak tree was to have a fresh coat of paint. Punctually, every year it has had the legal coat, until it is glossy bas relief.
--Octave Thanet

Beacon
Feb. 4/1892
The Old Town Bell
Its Companion, the Clock, has Long Since Ceased from its Labours
The Beacon and one of “the oldest inhabitants” were chatting over the recent change in the own bell ringer.
“It is a good many years,” quoth the latter, “since I first heard the tuneful notes of the town bell of Saint Andrews. It did not stand where it now is, for in those days the Episcopal bell sounded the hours. The hours were different, too. In summer, the first tinkle of the bell was heard at 8 o’clock in the morning. Everybody who had work to do was at it long before this. At that time there was no ten-hour or any other system, except to go to work at daylight and knock off when it was dark. Yes! and there was work to do in those days, for when the bell rung at 1 o’clock for dinner, it was no uncommon sight to see one hundred men coming up from Rait’s wharf and scores from the other wharves. After the bell had sounded for dinner, it did not give tongue again until 9 o’clock in the evening. In winter, the bell rang at 8 o’clock, instead of 9.
            “The Episcopal church then stood in the Church block, where Mr. Algar now lives. it was some time before the removal of the church from that site that the town bell was removed to the Court House, which then stood where the present town hall stands.

Beacon
Aug 16/1894
A colored gentleman named Rev. Alexander Kersey, came to St. Andrews last Wednesday, and announced by handbills that he would lecture in the Methodist church that night on “The Spun Web,” and also sing a number of plantation melodies. When the hour for lecturing arrived, the church authorities refused to allow the lecturer to have the building, and so he was unable to spin his web. A very disgusted colored man left town that night.

Beacon
Oct 1/1896
SA and Sir William Van Horne
Isabel Garrison in Chicago Sunday Times-Herald
Tennyson might have had this place in mind when his faithful pen sketched the “Land of Lotos Eaters,” “a land where it was always afternoon,” where soft grays, red and blues blend harmoniously beyond the lazy inlets and purpling hills that surround Passamaquoddy Bay and the shores of the St. Croix River.
            Such is the locality wherein is situated the sleepy old town of St. Andrews. Here the turrets of the brown Algonquin crown the summit that overlooks the bay. The finest golf links in the country are reached by charming drives, tennis courts are spread over the broad lawns, and the dreamy old place has taken on a festal appearance that stamps it as a summer resort of no mean pretension.
            The Bonapartes of Baltimore, Judge Gray of Washington, the Gardiners and Allans of Boston are among the number of American cottagers and guests who make the old seaport their summer home. But St. Andrews, founded in 1783, once indulged in dreams of becoming something greater than a summer resort. In the long ago when her wharves were crowded with ships from the West Indies and lumber kings freighted them with the wealth of the primeval forests of NB, she aspired to becoming the great winter port of British America.
            She owned the first charter of a railroad ever granted to the country, but somehow rival cities succeeded in capturing the road, trade with India fell off, and a cyclone that swept away her wharves destroyed her last hope of becoming a mighty seaport.
            “Stocks” for the punishment of the common scold and other offenders against local blue laws once stood in the old market place and a resemblance to old Salem of witch-burning memory is noticeable in St. Andrews relics of by-gone days. Her Greenock church, built early in this century, is an object lesson of the early dissenters’ method of conducting services.
            From narrow, straight-backed stalls the devout worshipper was obliged to crane his neck mercilessly to catch the slightest glimpse of the preacher’s face, as he stood aloft, twelve feet, in a three-story pulpit that had been imported especially for this literally stiff-necked congregation.      

Beacon
Jan 21/1897
Minister’s Island. A Few Facts in Connection with the Early History of the island.
One of the oldest and most respected residents of the parish of St. Andrews is Mr. Marshall Andrews, who shares the ownership of Minister’s Island with his son and Sir William Van Horne. In his younger days, Mr. Andrews was a man of commanding height and as strong as a lion. His weight of 84 years has bowed his figure and robbed him of much of his youthful strength, but his intellect is as clear as ever it was, and he can discourse most interestingly on events of bygone days.
            In talking with the Beacon, concerning the early history of Minister’s Island, on Thursday last, Mr. Andrews says the island was originally granted by the crown to Capt. Samuel Osburn, commander of the British gunboat Arethusa. in return for services performed by him in protecting the lives and property of the loyalist refugees. Subsequently, Mr. Andrews’s grandfather, Rev. Samuel Andrews, the first rector of SA, purchased it from Capt. Osburn for £500. Rector Andrews, as most people acquainted with the history of St. Andrews know, had been in charge of an Anglican church in Connecticut, a the time of the United States rebellion. Being strongly attached to the crown, he bade farewell to his Connecticut home and removed with other Royalists to NB. The coat of arms he brought with him from his Connecticut church now adorns the walls of All Saints’ Church and there is not sufficient wealthy in the whole of Connecticut to buy that precious heir-loom from its present owners.
            It was soon after he arrived here that Rector Andrews purchased Minister’s Island. The deed of purchase, also the grant from the crown to Capt. Osburn, are still in the possession of his grandson. The purchaser of the island was not permitted to enter into full possession of the island for some time, as another family, named Hanson, had squatted upon it and refused to leave. Captain Osburn undertook to scare Hanson away by erecting a target on the bank in front of his house and firing at it with his big guns. the balls tore through the threes and whistled around the Hanson domicile, but they did not cause the occupant to abandon the place. To employ a latter day vulgarism Hanson was “on to the racket” and whenever Capt. Osburn began target practice he removed himself and his family to the Indian encampment farther down the island, and remained there until the Captain got through with his fun, when he returned home. Finding that he could not be scared, Rector Andrews succeeded in getting him to vacate by giving him £100. The oft-repeated story that the Rector bought the squatter off with a hogshead of rum is pronounced by Mr. Marshall Andrews to be untrue. Over forty years ago, while walking through the island forest with is father, Mr. Marshall Andrews observed that many of the large trees were torn and mutilated. He wondered at the cause, when he father told him of Captain Osburn’s’ pranks. Since then the story has been corroborated by the finding of large cannon balls at the foot of the cliff near where the Hanson homestead stood. On the death of the rector the island was bequeathed to his son, the father of the present occupant. He was Sheriff of Charlotte County for a great many years. As his official duties compelled him to spend a great part of his time on the mainland, Sheriff Andrews decided to sell half of the island. Rev. Mr. Cassels obtained possession of this half, and subsequently it fell into the hands of William Douglas, a study Scotchman. he was unable to satisfy the indebtedness against the property, an it reverted to the original owner, who passed it down to his son. With the later history of the island most people in this section are familiar.
            In the early days, the island was a favorite hunting grounds. it abounded in game of all kinds, and at certain seasons of the year the wild fowl were so plentiful that they could be killed with clubs. the abundance of game in the vicinity attracted many Indians On the island there were two large encampments of the savages, and the clam shell mounds that they left behind them are to be seen to this day. occasionally stone hatchets and other implements of offence and defence are found. Some years ago, the island was visited by a local antiquarian, who has since made a name for himself. On a rock in front of the Indian encampment he found a number of characters, which he claimed were placed there by the Indians. Mr. Andres, who saw these characters and who was instructed afterward to have the stone removed to the university museum in Fredericton, declares, however, that the characters had no significance whatever, and that they were caused by the iron teeth of his harrow and not by Indians. Be this as it may, the visiting professor was able to work up quite an interesting narrative.
            Mr. Andrews further informed the Beacon that the old colored woman, who died in the Alms House last week, was the daughter of a slave owned by his grandfather on this maternal side, Rev. Richard Clark, who came here with the loyalists and was the first rector of Gagetown. he brought with him two slaves Jerry Cole and wife. Polly, lately deceased, was one of the fruits of this union. She was brought up by a daughter of Rev. Mr. Clark, who resided in St. Stephen. She was about 95 years of age.
           
Beacon
July 13/1899
Algonquin orchestra assist at services in Methodist church, "greatly to the delight of the congregation."

Beacon
August 1/1901
A Noble Benefactor
Mrs. George R. Hooper, of Montreal, who generously contributed $2300 towards providing a manse for the Presbyterian denomination in St. Andrews has given further proof of her noble generosity and her interest in the Presbyterian church, by offering to assume the entire indebtedness of the property, provided satisfactory assurance are given her that the property will be retained for all time for the purposes for which it was originally designed by her, and not diverted to any other use. Her attorney, Mr. Holt, of Montreal, had a conference with members of the Board of Trustees on the matter last week. When he return to St. Andrews in a day or two it is likely that negotiations will be completed.

Beacon
Jan 9/1902
Improving the Rectory
The corporation of All Saints church have decided to make a number of improvements in the rectory before the new rector enters into possession. A bay window will be placed in front, bath room and water closet put in, also a heating system, besides other interior changes. The Grounds will be brightened up by trimming the trees and by other means. Over $1000 will be expended in improvements.

Beacon
Feb 27/1902
Mr. Robert Stevenson of St. Stephen has been awarded the contract for the remodelling of the Church of England rectory.

Beacon
June 19/1902
Ancient Landmark Removed
The old fort building at Fort Tipperary, which has “braved the battle and the breeze” for eighty and more years, has been obliged to succumb to the advancing hosts of civilization. Finding that it stood in the way of Sir Thomas Shaughnessy’s new cottage, the contractor is having the old building removed. It was a staunchly built structure, its walls being composed of hewn pine legs 11 inches thick, piled one on top of the other.  The wood in these timbers is still as good as when it was first erected. The timbers near the ceiling were provided with port-holes to fire upon the enemy at close range.
            Exactly when the building was erected is not known. It has been generally supposed that it was built during the trouble so 1812 but the fact that the deed of exchange for the property between the Imperial government and the Church of England corporation of SA, was not executed until 1815 disposes of that belief. The building was probably erected in 1815 or very soon afterwards. So far as known it was only occupied as a military station during the Fenian invasion.

Beacon
Aug 28/1902
Reminiscences of Bye-Gone Days
For the Beacon
In one of your late issues you requested information from the old inhabitants of St. Andrews, relative to the English soldiers who occupied the old Barracks, lately purchased by Sir Thomas Shaughnessy. As a native of St. Andrews, where I lived till the summer of 1854, I will simply say I have no recollection of the time when there were not solders in St. Andrews. In my schoolboy days I went to school with the sons of soldiers, at the old school house at the entrance to the old Episcopal Church, near the residence of the late Thomas Algar. I was born in 1826. In 1839 I left school and went to learn my trade with James Kennedy, who at that time lived in the old Gilchrist house, next to the house occupied by the late Russell Bradford. On the wharf below was John Treadwell’s block and spar yard. At that time, the officer in command was Lord Hill. He was a very handsome little man, a great horseman and had two English thoroughbred horses—the most beautiful creatures I ever saw. If I mistake not, his father was second in command at Waterloo. He used to gallop up the street to Mr. Kennedy’s, get off his horse and hitch him the latch of the door, sit up on Mr Kennedy’s cutting board, and chat by the hour about their old home in Ireland. They were both from the same town, in the County of Antrim, Ireland. There were never in my recollection more than 25 or 30 solders at the barracks, commanded by a lieutenant, the regiment being at St. John or Fredericton. Lord Hill was removed to St. John. As I remember he volunteered to ride a tailor’s horse in a race and won the race. He was afterward killed while riding a vicious horse in steeple chase in the old country. The horse threw him and broke his neck. He was the second man that horse killed. They shot the horse. I distinctly remember many of the officers,--a Mr. Cole, who kept a horse. When he left, his equipment was sold at auction. Dr. McStay bought his sleigh. It was after the fashion of a Russian sleigh—very low. I remember the Doctor’s daughters when in it seemed a reclining position. A Lieut. Wedderburn, another officer with money, was a great ladies’ man; also Mr. Lacy or DeLacy. He always dressed in is scarlet regimental clothes when going to church on a Sunday,--the only officer I ever saw do so. He was a tall beautiful figure of a man. In fact, all the officers were the same.
            The soldiers all had to go to their respective places of worship on a Sunday. The officers seldom went with them. They would all leave the barracks in Company form, come down the hill together as far as the George D. Street House. Those who were Roman Catholics would drop out here and go to their place of worship, the same at the Kirk. The Episcopalians would continue on to the Episcopal church. I don’t remember ever seeing one at the Methodist church. The majority were Roman Catholics.

Beacon
Dec 31/1903
Santa Claus In Danger
Santa Claus had a hot time in the Baptist church on Saturday evening last. The children of the Sunday school, with their teachers and parents had gathered together for a little Christmas entertainment. A pleasing programme of song and recitations was carried out. Then Santa Claus (Mr. Theodore Holmes) with fur coat and trailing beard made his appearance, and proceeded to distribute gifts from a Christmas tree. He was assisted by some of the older children. Suddenly one of the candles on the Christmas tree brushed up against the tissue paper ornaments. At once there was a blaze. Santa Claus made a dash for the burning paper and his beard caught fire. Others rushed in and the burning ornaments were quickly pulled down. Little damage was done, but for a moment here was some excitement.

Beacon
Sept 12/1907
Canada’s Favorite Watering Place. T. C. L. K. in Montreal Standard.
[Longish article, with glance at possibility as port. Minister’s Island mentioned.]
. . . A mile or so, and across the water you notice Minister’s Island, where Sir William Van Horne has his beautiful summer home.
            Among the old stalwart Tories who would not give up British connection was Rev. Samuel Andrews, who like many of a similar mind, came from Connecticut. He found his way to SA, and was, in time, given a grant of the island, known later as Minister’s or Andrews’s island. His grandson has yet a home on the island granted to his forefather, though, with this small reservation it now belongs to Sir William Van Horne. And the Rev. Samuel brought with him two relics of the pre-revolution days—a Crown and Coat of Arms. They may be seen at this day t the west end of Al Saints Parish Church. . . .
           
Beacon
Nov 18/1909
Photo of new gate for cemetery of Church of St. Andrews.

St. Croix Courier
Jan 6/1910
Description of R E Armstrong’s daughter Edwina’s wedding at Greenock church to Randolph Churchill of Hantsport, NS

History of Journalism in St. Andrews
Paper Read Before Canadian Lit. Club by R. E. Armstrong
Feb 10, 1910
(continued from last week)
The Ven. Archdeacon Raymond, L. L. B., of St. Mary’s Church, Saint John, has very kindly furnished the following extracts from copies of the Herald in his possession:
(extract from St. Andrews Herald, Jan. 1824)
            “On the evening of the New Year the Scotch Church was opened. The front was brilliantly illuminated by wax lights tastefully arranged. Several appropriate selections of sacred music were executed and a great number of the most respectable people of both sexes were present. The outside of the church is finished in the Doric order: extreme height of steeple, 120 feet. Inside is executed in Ionian order. The gallery is supported by ten columns of the most beautiful bird’s eye maple. The pulpit and precentor’s box are of mahogany supported by six columns of the same in Doric and Ionian orders. In the rear of the pulpit is a Venetian window with four mahogany columns in the Ionic order. The ceiling is finished in ornamental stucco work, forming a large and handsome panel supported by an elliptic arch. the whole has been planned by and executed under the immediate and constant superintendence of Mr. Joseph Stevenson, and every part bears the most ample evidence of his skill, fidelity and attention. It is one fo the most neat and substantial places of public worship throughout British America. The Church and Manse will cost about $16,000 and by this the public may form some idea of the magnitude of the benefaction of C. Scott, Esq., who has thus generously made the most acceptable present to the disciples of the Church of Scotland and their descendants which man can offer; and for which his name will be held in grateful remembrance long after the edifices themselves shall have yielded to the relentless scythe of time.”
           
Beacon
March 21/1912
“St. Andrews Night”
A “St. Andrews Night” at “Elm Corner” is always san evening of rare delight, but that of Monday last, under the auspices of the Canadian Literature Club, was even more delightful than usual. Well-written and well-told stories of the St. Andrews of long ago by such inimitable story-tellers as R. M. Jack, Charles Campbell, the late I. Allen Jack, Rev. A. W. Mahon, John Campbell, and Judge Cockburn made the hours slip by most pleasantly
            There were stories of old school-day battles, of the troublous day of 1818, of the Fenian raid, and of the many quaint characters that St. Andrews in its early day possessed.
            One amusing narrative was that of Frank Lynn, a mischievous lunatic, who, on his way to the asylum at St. John, possessed himself of the warrant of commitment, and, when he reached the asylum, persuaded the physician that the constable was the real lunatic. The constable was detained for several days while the roistering lunatic drove gaily back to St. Andrews.
            Then there was the story of the late Dr. Caleff, who, on a very foggy day in 1818, thought he heard a noise like a Yankee gunboat out in the bay. The Home Fencibles were brought out and remained on duty for two days. Then it was discovered that the mysterious noises had been caused by a stately old turkey gobbler.
            The story of a dainty little silver trowel, which had been handed down from the misty past, was among the stories told by Rev. A. W. Mahon.
            A most amusing story was that of a youthful British officer, who was hoodwinked into rowing down to Deer Island to fight a duel with the brother of an Eastport young woman he had flirted with. As the “brother” was a myth, there was no duel. The joke was not discovered by the officer until years after, when he was at Constantinople on his way to the Crimea.
            Among the Loyalist stories that were told was one relating to the history of the British coat of arms in All Saints’ Church, which had been brought from Wallingford, Conn., by the first rectors, Rev. Mr. Andrews.
            Many laughable incidents connected with the Fenian raid were narrated.
            Mr. John Campbell, during the narration of his reminiscences, declared that St. Andrews had not been so prosperous for 75 years as it is today.
            A feature of the evening was the display of “relics” of St. Andrews, among which were a venerable sampler; a wedding message of 1786, written upon birth bark; the family bible of the late Dr. Cassels, the first teacher of the grammar school, and the first Presbyterian clergyman of St. Andrews; the first bible used in Greenock church; a communion token of 1825; a gold signet ring bearing he Bredalbane crest; a medallion brooch; the banner of Hibernia Masonic Lodge, the first Masonic lodge to be established here; a ponderous old watch; an old picture of St. Andrews in its very early days, and a number of other most interesting and historic antiques.
            One of the most interesting “exhibits” made at the meeting was an autograph letter recently received by Rev. A. W. Mahon from the Archbishop of Canterbury.
            Miss Mowatt read the birch-bark wedding messages, which was a most unique production. During the evening Miss Gwen. Jack sang solos. Dainty refreshments were served by the hostesses, Miss Mowatt and Miss Campbell, and a most delightful evening was concluded by the singing of Auld Lang Syne and the National anthem.

Beacon
May 29/1913
R. E. Armstrong went to Toronto last week as representative of Greenock Presbyterian Church to great Presbyterian gathering there.

Beacon
Aug 17, 1918
Centenary of Charlotte County Grammar School 1818-1918
The celebration of the Centennial of the Charlotte County Grammar School was held in the Assembly room of the Prince Arthur School on Friday evening, and a full report will appear in our next issue. We have been supplied with an advance copy of the “Historical Sketch” by M. N. Cockburn, Esq., K.C., which is as follows:
The Friends present tonight must suffer a disappointment, if they are expecting from me anything that could be at all regarded as a proper history of the Charlotte County Grammar School. It was only ten days ago that I was asked to take part in this very important and most interesting event. It can therefore be readily understood, that a great injustice would be done to this institution, whose traditions bear such unmistakable marks of age, distinction, and importance, to speak of the few disconnected facts and incidents  to which I shall be able to refer tonight, as “A History of the Charlotte County Grammar School.”
To prepare anything that would approach a real history of an institution such as the Charlotte County Grammar School, covering a period of one hundred years, in ten days’ time, would be a task far beyond me and would palpably fail to do justice to the school; to its antecedents, to its splendid accomplishments and to the noble army of great men and splendid women, who have for a whole century aught and studied in that school. It is regrettable in the extreme, that a proper history of this School has never been written, and even more regrettable, that all the records and data from which such a work might have been compiled, have not been preserved.
The Acts of the Legislature of the Province of New Brunswick dealing with this School, and some records still to be found in the Office of the Board of Education at Fredericton, give some small degree of information respecting the establishment and working of the Charlotte County Grammar School, but the events and facts that would have been most interesting to records in a properly prepared history of the school, have been allowed to perish and be forever lost, in the passing of the older generations of St. Andrews’ people, without in any form leaving behind them a record of the knowledge they had on that subject; which is quite as painfully true of many important events connected with the Torn of St. Andrews, it first settlement, its commercial growth and development, its ups and down as an industrial centre, and its transformation into Canada’s greatest summer playground.
At attempt at this date to gather material for a proper historical sketch of the charlotte County grammar School, convinces one very forcibly of the fatality of delay, and it is surprising how very little information is now at hand from which to complete a connected tale of this ancient establishment. Records that give any information along the required lines are indeed very scarce, and the older people from whom so much valuable information could have been obtained and preserved have passed along to that Country, from whose bourne no traveler ever returns.
            From the best information I can obtain every pupil who attended the School, under the teaching of the first school Master, and, with very few exceptions, all who attended under the Master who was Brunswick show that this School was established by an Act of the Legislature, passed March 11th, 1816, entitled, “an act to Establish a Grammar School in the Town of Saint Andrews.”
The preamble of the Act reads oddly enough, to those who live in these advanced days of educational advancement and necessity, in these days when education constitutes one of the indispensable necessities in the life of every man and woman. The preamble sets forth—“Whereas education of the youth is of the utmost importance in society, and public attention to that subject has by experience been found to be attended with the most beneficial effects.”
            The Rector of St. Andrews Church (as it was called in the Act referred to), in the Parish of St. Andrews, for the time being, together with Robert Pagan, John Campbell, John Dunn, Colin Campbell, David W. Jack, Harris Hatch, Thomas Wyer Jr., and John Strang, were named as the first Board of Trustees and Directors of the School, by the name of “the president and directors of the public grammar school in the town of Saint Andrews.” It was also provided that the Rector was always to be the President of the Board. And those were substantially the conditions, under which the School was conducted until the coming into force of the Free School Act in 1872, when by the new Legislation, the St. Andrews Grammar School, in common with the Grammar School then existing in all the other Counties in this province, was merged in and became a part of the Free School system of the Province, since which time it has been known and legally designated as the Charlotte county Grammar School.
Until the adoption of the Free School Law, which was passed by the Legislature on May 11th, 1871, and by the terms of the Acts, came into operation on the 1st day of January, 1872, the Grammar School, in St. Andrews seems to have been entirely distinct from the other School system then in vogue so much so indeed that Patrick Clinch, who was the first school Inspector for Charlotte county appointed by the Government, and whose home was in St. George, when making his annual report to the Government in 1854, expressed his appreciation of the great courtesy that had been shown to him by “the president and governors of the Academy at St. Andrews,” in permitting him to pay a visit to the aforesaid Academy.
            The Act of incorporation provided that the Government grant of 100 pounds should be made annually, in aid of the Grammar School, towards the support of a Master, and 200 pounds to aid in the erection of a school building. But it was provided that as soon as the annual income of the said Grammar school should in whatever manner the same might arise, amount to 600 pounds, then the annual Grant of 100 should cease.
There is now no available source from which to learn the exact date when the erection of the Grammar School building was commenced but inasmuch as the Act authorizing the erection of such building was passed in 1816 and the School was opened in the year 1818, it would seem to be a fair inference, that the Old Grammar School building was erected about 1817.
            The building as originally erected, or the first Grammar School, was a square building in form, with a hip roof; from the centre of the roof arose a bell tower of the same form as the main building, and that was surmounted with a peaked roof, from the apex of which a flag staff with a ball on its top pointed skyward. The door opened into a hall, on either side of which was s class room, and at the end of another door opened into the school room. Just opposite the last mentioned door in the main room, and against the wall, was a sort of pulpit, with a reading board on the front, into which the Master used to ascend when hearing his classes, and especially for the hearing of classes in translation of Greek and Latin.
            At some subsequent time, the date of which I have not been able to ascertain from any source, an addition was made to the original building, on the end facing on King Street. All present will know, that the old Grammar School building stood on the same site now occupied by this Prince Arthur School building. The addition referred to comprised the space afterwards occupied and known to the present generations, as the cloak rooms and class room, as the same were at the time the old building was abandoned. In making the addition referred to, the interior of the building was changed in form, and a “V” roof put thereon, with the gable end facing on King Street. A small bell tower was placed on the eastern end of the building, from which for many generations the old Grammar School bell, which is in evidence here tonight, rang out its call to summon the Grammar School pupils to their daily tasks. The old building when enlarged and remodeled increased the size of the main school room, by the removal of what were originally the hall and class rooms referred to in this description. In that enlarged and remodeled condition, the old Grammar School building served as a school building, under whose room many bright minds were trained and developed, and many who afterwards became prominent and distinguished men and women, passed their graduation.           
In 1912 the old building was removed from its original site, after ninety-four years of service, to a place on the lot below that on which it sat so many years, and is now crumbling into decay, a standing witness of the work of the iconoclast, and if its inner walls could be made to speak, much that would interest and amuse  could be learned, which now, alas, can never be known.      
In 1811, the Rev. John Cassills, a Presbyterian Divine, was sent out from Scotland to teach the Academy at King’s College, Nova Scotia. That was then a denominational school, under the management of the Anglican Church, and the governing body did not feel altogether comfortable about a Presbyterian clergymen moulding the minds and lives of the youths of their faith, and a knowledge of the existence of that feeling caused the teacher to chafe slightly under the cords that bound him to a school, and to a people who loved and honored the man, but had doubts a to the soundness of his theology. The opening of the Grammar School at St. Andrews, and the need of a teacher to take charge thereof, afforded Mr. Cassills, an opportunity of relieving his mind on a difficult problem, against which he had fought for seven years; and at the sacrifice of income which in after years he must have sorely needed to rear and educate a family of twelve children, with which God blessed him in his married life, he accepted the appointment to the principalship of what was then the St. Andrews Grammar School.”
            In 1818 Mr. Cassills moved from Windsor, Nova Scotia, to St. Andrews, and took up his residence in what was afterwards known as the “Donaldson House,” which occupied a site on the upper part of the block immediately above the Grammar School building, which Block is now the property of Lady Tilley.
The reminder of Mr. Cassills’ life was spent in Charlotte County, and during that time he build and occupied a dwelling on Minister’s Island, on  site that is still spoken of, by some of the older people, as the “Cassills’ field.” He also built and occupied the dwelling house on the St. John Road which was lately owned and occupied the late Mr. Robert McLaren and his family. He also owned, occupied, and died in the dwelling house at Vardon’s Point, Bocabec, which has lately been remodeled and is now owned by Mr. Angus Holt.
            At the opening of the school in 1818, it was exclusively for male pupils in the advanced grades, and Mr. Cassills’ pupils, for the first years of his term, were every largely made up of sons of the United Empire Loyalists and their descendants. That splendid class of men who, three quarters of a century ago, were the very life-blood of all St. Andrews’ industries, whose enterprise and industry placed St. Andrews, in their day, at the head of the commercial Towns of New Brunswick; lined the water front with wharves and warehouse, and taxed the same to full capacity with shipments to and from; filled the harbor with ships which carried on a very large trade between here and the Old Country and between here and the East Indies; who promoted and built the first lien of railway in new Brunswick; whose ability, integrity and enterprise place them foremost among the men of New Brunswick, and who set a place for the commercial life of St. Andrews, which their descendants failed to maintain, were graduates from Mr. Cassills’ school.
            How interesting it would be if we tonight could read a list of the names who responded to Mr. Cassills’ first roll call, on the opening of the Old Grammar school in 1818. Unfortunately there is no such record extant, and I have been able to ascertain their names of only a few who were his pupils during the twenty years that he was Head Master in that school, from 1818 to 1838. During that period, however, the late Honourable Harris Hatch raised and educated a large family. There were five boys whose names I remember, from information given to me years ago by some of the older people. They were Harris, Wellington, Christopher, Edward, and Charles. Mr. Cassills took delight in telling of an incident that occurred in connection with the Hatch family, while the boys were in his school. Perhaps there is only one person living today who remembers hearing Mr. Cassills relate this tale, and that is Miss Jane Kaven, who now lives in Bocabec, who has seen ninety summers, and whose recollections of Mr. Cassills are still very distinct. The honorable Mr. Hatch, was, of course, solicitous of the welfare and future of his boys, and in discussing their possibilities with Mr. Cassills, said he felt that Harris, Wellington, Christopher, and Edward were boys of strong intellect and would easily make their way in life; Charles, however he thought to be of weaker mental caliber, and he asked Mr. Cassills if he did not think he had better educate Charles for the Ministry. Whether it was because of the views expressed by Mr. Cassills in reply to Mr. Hatch’s inquiry or some entirely different cause, Mr. Charles Hatch never attained the scared calling which was then his father’s ambition. Another pupil who attended the school under Mr. Cassills, was the late Mr. Thomas Thompkins Wyer, who was a familiar figure on the streets of St. Andrews half a century ago. Mr. Wyer was a godly man, and did much good in the community, in his own way, but like Mr. Charles Hatch the could not be classed as a man of strong mental powers. For the purpose of this narrative, I am assuming that colonel Wyer, the father of  Thomas Thompkins Wyer, like his son, Charles, thought it would be his paternal duty to place his son in some occupation where brain power would not play much part. He, therefore, educated his son, Thomas as a lawyer, and Mr. Wyer became a member of the New Brunswick Bar, but his mind and thoughts ran in too saintly a groove to continue long in that profession.       
            The last two survivors among the men who attended Mr. Cassills school, were the Late Honorable Senator Arthur Hill Gillmor and the late Mr. Charles O’Neill.
In 1836 the Rev. Mr. Cassills resigned his charge of the Grammar School, to resume his work in the ministry, and assumed charge of a Presbyterian circuit in this County, with churches at Bocabec, Whittier’s Ridge, and Mascarene, wherein he labored faithfully and well until his death on July 18th, 1850. His remains rest beside those of his wife, under the shadow of the spire of Greenock Presbyterian Church h in St. Andres.
            Mr. Cassills bore the reputation of being a man of strong scholarly attainments. His sermons and writings, many of which are still in existence, show the had a profound knowledge of , and took a deep interest in astronomy. While in the Grammar School he successfully taught navigation, and many a sea captain who afterwards sailed on the five oceans, obtained the whole of their theoretical education while in his school. He spoke fluently and wrote freely in seven languages. He certainly was himself a scholar of a very high order, but the opinion did prevail among some of his pupils that he did not possess the ability to impart knowledge to eh same degree as possessed by some of his successors in the school.
            In 1838 Mr. Daniel Smith Morrison succeeded Mr. Cassills as Head Master of the Grammar School. As far back as that time we have evidence of the fact that nick-names were common and in sue, as they are at the present day, for history records that this new Head Master was given the name of “Long Morrison,” of “Sugar Tongs,” from the fact that he was very thin, had long legs and a very short body.
            Mr. Morrison continued in charge of the School from 1839 to 1849, when he went to the United States, became a citizen of that Republic, entered the legal profession, and was appointed a Supreme Court Judge in the State of California, which position he held at the time of his death. Some years before his death, and after his elevation to the Supreme Court bench, he was visited in California by our worthy and much esteemed fellow townsmen Mr. Henry O’Neill. Mr. Morrison really taught the Grammar School only ten years, as he spent one year from 1q845 to 1846 in England, on leave of absence, and during that period the school was in charge of Mr. Charles Bliss, who afterwards became  an Anglican clergymen. During the time that Mr. Bliss was in charge of the school the number of pupils in attendance sensibly decreased, as it is said he lacked the magnetism and personality of Mr. Morrison. Upon Mr. Morrison’s return, however, the vacant seats were speedily filled and the attendance became so large that an usher had to be engaged. Many changes were made in the management of eth school and in the system of instruction. Trial by jury was instituted, so that no boy accused of misconduct should be unfairly punished.
            I have obtained the names of some of the men who were students under Mr. Morrison, and no doubt many of them will be familiar to some of those present tonight. The list includes: Stannus Jones, Mortin Jones, Vernon Jones, the Hon. B. R. Stevenson, Dr. J. F. Stevenson, Rev. Fletcher Pickles, George Miller, John Miller, Robert Miller, J. Sydney McMaster, J. Ambrose Street, Arthur Streets, George W. Street, W. H. Street, W. D. Aymar, Mathew J Elliot, Andrew Elliot, William Austin, George Buckstaff, John smith, Henry O’Neill, Rev. Francis O’Neill, James O'Neill, Hugh Stoop, James Stoop, Darius Ingraham, Patrick Quinn, Thomas McVay, Daniel McStay, John Dunn, B. O. Hathaway, John B. Balsom, John Boyd, James Maloney, E. S. Polleys, R. Melville Jack, John Lochary, Charles Eaton, Fred Eaton, Donald Berry, Fred A. Morrison, John Campbell, George Mowat, Thomas Berry, Alexander Berry, Robert Stevenson, Capt. Nelson Clarke, Capt. John Wren, Alexander McGill.
            Very few indeed on the above list are still living, but we are glad to number among our citizen in St. Andrews three whose names  have been given to me in the above list, and who are with us tonight, Mr. Henry O’Neill, Mr. James Stoop, and Mr. E. S. Polleys.
            I could give some slight account of those whose names are above given, in their after life, but that would be personal history, not history of the Grammar school, to which I feel I must limit myself in this narrative.
            One incident, however, which is directly connected with the school and has been given to me from a reliable source, may be worthy of touching upon as I pass along. It is connected with the late Fred A. Morrison,, who as a pupil at the time. He afterwards went into the legal profession, in which he distinguished himself during the short time he lived, and was a law partner with the late Judge King of the Supreme Court of Canada. At the time referred to the late Dr. Jerome Alley was the Rector, and as a trustee of the school, was paying an official visit. Dr. Alley was a short and very fat man, and while examining the school at the closes of the term he asked Fred Morrison to spell the word “Fatally,” and Mr. Morrison proceeded to divide the word in syllables and spelled it thus: “Fat, fat; Ally, Ally.” Dr. Alley was wise enough to take no notice of the play that had been made on the letters of his name, but the story is worthy of repeating, as evidence of the remarkably swift wit on the part of young Morrison, who as that time was scarcely fourteen years of age. This incident may have occurred n the School of Mr. Smith, rather than the school of Mr. Morrison.
            Mr. Morrison was succeeded as Head Master in the School by Mr. Randal E. Smith in 1849. Mr. Smith at that time was a young man, fresh from King’s College, his home being on Prince Edward Island. One of his pupils has spoken of him in this manner: He was then abut thirty-five years age, and was what would be truly called a fine looking man. His hair was brown, face full with side whiskers, average height, and a form inclined to fullness. His step was light and sprightly, and tradition told how he had put to flight two big loots who, for a fancied grievance,, had treacherously taken him unawares. His learning was of the first order; he was an excellent English scholar, a good French scholar, and was proficient in Latin, Greek and Hebrew; he was a capital arithmetician and mathematician, and taught navigation to many a youth who afterwards was destined to command the ships that sailed the briny deep. While playful and jolly at recess or before session he was a strict disciplinarian, once the bell had announced the hour for work. He was noted or impartiality, and the son of the aristocrat would “catch it” just  as quickly as the poor scholar who was getting his classics for making the fires or brooming the floor, if the rules had been infringed and a castigation was required. It was the custom in Mr. Smith’s school to begin the morning session by  reading a  Chapter fro the New Testament, each pupil continuing the text as his name was called, and the Catholic boy was obliged to bring his Douay for that purpose, though it would have been handier and cost a small sum of conscience to use his neighbors King James Version. He disliked anything that smacked of bigotry, and no fault would meet with more severe retribution than the one of sneering at another’s religion.
            In 1855 Mr. Smith was ordained a Deacon in the Anglican Church, and acted fro some years as assistant to the Rev. Dr. Ketchum, but continued teaching the Grammar School until 1868, when he left St. Andrews and became the Rector of St. Marks Church in the Parish of St. George, in succession to the Rev. Mr. McEwen. He died in July 1899, much regretted not only by his own flock, but by all dominations. A young man just from college he at first had pretty hard work controlling a rather rough and pugnacious lot of pupils, who had been brought up to believe that truth and pluck would always win out, and his hasty punishments without proper investigation, soon precipitated a revolt, which happily resulted in a very much better understanding between scholars and teacher. Mr. Smith had severely punished one of the older boys for a slight offence, the others thought the punishment entirely out of proportion to the offence, and thus the trouble came about. During recess Mr. Smith often went o this lodging, only  a block from this school, laving the doors open. On this occasion one of the boys, named Grant, had left his cap in the building, and finding the door fastened on the inside, started to climb in the window; there he was repulsed by a boy named Smith, a brother of the Master, who spat upon his head. However, he managed to get in and looking about for a way to punish his aggressor, bethought him of the cellar under the building. This cellar was entered by  heavy trap door in the floor, and being only used a receptacle for fuel during the winter, was consequently filled with cobwebs and black dust; and as there were no windows it was perfectly dark when the trap was closed. Opening this trap door, he caught Smith and thrust him down, then closing the door, left him a prisoner. When the Master returned and had taken his place at his desk, loud cries  of “let me up!” were heard coming from the cellar. “Who is down there?” the teacher said. “Me,” was the response; “And who is me?” “Smith”; “Who put you down there?” “Grant.” “Go and let him up Grant.” Grant went to the trap, threw it open, and seizing Smith, whose head reached nearly to the floor, by his long hair dragged him out. His appearance, covered with dust and cobwebs, was too ludicrous, and a roar of laughter greeted his arrival. Smith told his tale, and Grant was ordered to take off his jacket, when he received such a horse-whipping, as would be looked upon with horror at the present day, and which left long white wales across his shoulders and around the arm stretched out to protect his face and body. After school was dismissed Grant proceeded to take it out of Smith for tattling, and for which all the other boys each gave him a box on the ear.. They had made up their minds that if the Master undertook to thrash the lot they would take the horsewhip away from him, and upon his attempting to do so the following day they did take away his whip. Of course there was a struggle, and the small boys ran out crying “They are killing the Master!” and the excitement was rather intense. Not a blow was struck, but the whip was simply taken away, as the Sheriff  and constables were on their way to the scene of riot. The boys retied to the shades of “McFarlane’s Woods” till after dark, when they returned each to their own home. There was s trial for assault afterwards but nothing came of it, and eventually all the boys engaged in the affair returned to school. Here credit must be given to Mr. Smith for acting like the Christian gentleman that he was; there was no difference made in the treatment of the rebels, and everything went on as usual—minus the horsewhip. To the pupil who thus related this incident Mr. Smith shortly afterwards said “I think I made a mistake with you boys, and that I was too severe. I am going to try a new tack and trust to your honor to be a little trouble to me as possible, but rather an assistance.” He stuck to his part of the contract, and the boys stuck to their as far as it was possible for boys to do so. The gentlemen from who the above account was obtained, was the late Mr. R. Melville Jack. The late Mr. Charles Campbell once related the same incident, but told it in a more sanguinary way. In Mr. Campbell’s account he stated the boys wrenched the wooden frames from the slates and struck the Master with the sharp corners and edges, and much blood was spilt in one way an another. He further related that both sides were so infuriated that some tragedy might have happened, but fortunately one of the younger boys thought of the bell, and rushing to the rope rang out a peal, which echoed over the Town. Immediately the inhabitants rushed up to find out what was the mater, and row was stopped. The larger boys who even then supposed that they had killed the Master, fled to woods, and it was some days before they were all safely returned to their homes.
            This, Mr. Campbell stated, was a lesson to both parties, and from that time the school was most successful and efficient—indeed so thoroughly was he grounded in classics and other branches, in that school under Mr. Smith that on his arrival in England, he took an exceptionally high position at College for a boy of his age, to the astonishment of the Masters and ushers who examined him, and who were all under the impression that the had come fro an uncivilized country.
            There were many able men graduated from Mr. Smith’s school, and afterwards became prominent in the world and industry. I regret I have not a full or more perfect list of those men, but it has not been possible for me to get a list that would be at all complete. I have however, been furnished with the following list of names of men, who at some time were pupils in Mr. Smith’s school: Elbridge Hannah, William E. Polleys, Thomas Munroe Hannah, Eber S. Polleys, William Sydney Smith, John Algar, Owen Jones, Martin law, Harry Gove, Isaac Kennedy, Edward Foster Law,  Charles Campbell, Howard Campbell, John Treadwell, Jarvis Stephen Law, James Coldwell, Henry Quinn, Edward Jones, Thomas Miller, James Chandler, Vernon Nicholson, Joseph A. Wade. Arthur Whitlock, Claude M. Lamb, Robert Chandler, William Smith, George Treadwell, Edward  S. Waycott, James Brennnan, J. T. Whitlock, William Whitlock, Edward B. Chandler, Guthrie Treadwell, Charles Ketchum, Warwick A. Lamb.
The names that I have thus obtained, are from the best available sources possible but neither myself nor my informant desire to be responsible for the complete accuracy of the list. I think the late Hon. Dr. George J. Clarke also was a student in Mr. Smith’s school, for a short time, but the short period at my disposal has made it impossible for me to verity that as a fact.
            In 1868 Mr. Francis Partridge succeeded Mr. Smith, and I think it was during his term that the school was opened, for the first time, to female pupils. Mr. Partridge was held in high esteem, not only by his pupils, but by the entire community among whom he moved, and after his term as teacher in the Grammar School he was ordained n the Anglican Church, wherein he labored with great success and ability.
            Mr. Partridge was succeeded as Head Master in the Grammar School by Mr. Charles M. Sills, now the Rev. Dr. Sills, who began his work in the Grammar School in 1872, and from then until the present time ahs maintained a strong and friendly interest in St. Andrews, in its people, and in all its institutions. For many years he has been a regular visitor to St. Andrews during the summer season, and none who come among us are more beloved or more welcome than the distinguished gentleman who has spoken to us tonight, as the oldest surviving teacher to the Charlotte County grammar School. It is fitting, too, that Dr. Sills should retain a kindly feeling and recollection for this old town of Saint Andrews, as it was by his association with e Charlotte county Grammar School that he became bound by sacred ties in the family of the late Reverend Dr. Ketchum, who for so many years filled the sacred post of Rector of All Saints Church, and who during all those years, endeared himself to the hearts of the people, in a way and to a degree that few men in any walk of life have ever succeeded in doing. To very many of us his memory is a bright spot in our lives; the good that he did in his sacred calling and the deep interest that he ever took in the public schools, and especially in the Charlotte county Grammar School, will cause his memory to linger lovingly in our thoughts, so long as there remain any of the people who  were privileged to know him.
            Dr. Sills’ term and work in the Charlotte County Grammar School can be discussed with so much more correctness and so much more interest by him, than it could by any other person, and as we enjoy the great privilege of having him here tonight, I simply pass on, without further referring to his tenure of office in this venerable institution.
            I am not able to give the dates, lack of time has made that impossible but the names of the teachers who followed Dr. Sills in succession are: Dr. J. A. Wade, Dr. James F. Covey, Mr. Arthur W. Wilkinson, Mr. Horsman, Mr. William Brodie, Mr. Colpitts, Mr. Fred L. Day, Mr. J. A. Allen, Mr. George J. Trueman, Mr. George, E. F. Sherwood, Mr. S. A Worrell, Mr. William Woods, Mr. William H. Morrow, Mr. George B. Carpenter, Miss Edna L. Giberson, and Miss Salome Townsend.
            Dr. Wills was the first teacher to take charge of the Charlotte County Grammar School after the New Brunswick Free School Law came into force, and many changes were put into effect in the administration of than school.
            I might be permitted in closing to say, that in my investigation I am lead to believe that, previous to 1833, Parish Schools existed only by the grace and at the option of the inhabitants, and the same were under no restrictions by, and received no sanction from the legislature or from any governing body. A teacher’s qualification for the position consisted solely in his willingness to assume the duties of the position, and as a result Mr. Lorimer, who succeeded Patrick Clinch as the second School Inspector, for the County, should have found it necessary to say in his report to the government as late as 1862, that he found the Parish Schools in a most deplorable condition; that the teachers were for the most part, a lot of illiterate and ignorant females, having no qualification for the work outside of being of fairly good character.
            Many years have passed since the New Brunswick Free School Act came into operation. The Charlotte county Grammar School has remained perpetually under the best obtainable teachers, but looking back over the past decade or two decades, one must sometimes wonder if the system is at fault, or if the material is deteriorating, or it, as a matter of fact,, the graduates from that institution during the past twenty years have measured up in point of ability with the graduates who passed through the school, during the first three quarters of a century of its existence.

St. Croix Courier
July 29/1920
A large number of motor parties were in town on Sunday.
Church Anniversary at SA: History of Methodist Church.

St. Croix Courier
Aug 17/1922
SA by the Sea. By Jessie L. Thornton in Industrial Canada. Long article on Algonquin, town and area. Photo of touring car with Algonquin in background, as from visitor’s center. Good spot might be in section with pamphlet on “Arriving in SA” etc. Pseudo-motoring journal.
            SA-by-the-Sea
            On the south western coast of the province of NB, very close indeed to the state of Maine, Passamaquoddy Bay is separated from the outlet of the St. Croix River by a hilly triangle. St. Andrews occupies the tip of the wedge. Deer Island faces it and Campobello and Grand Manan lie in the order named out in the Bay of Fundy, off the coast of Maine. The protecting cover of these islands shelter Passamaquoddy Bay from the extreme storms of the Atlantic and its calm waters are warmer than those on the exposed coasts a little further south.
            The Passamaquoddy Indians, a tribe peaceable enough now, in all conscience, have a legend that white men planted a cross on the edge of the bay and called the spot St. Andre. In this way, they account for the name of the town and also for that of the river, St. Croix. Beneath the shadow of Chamcook Mountain, which is no mountain, but an abrupt hill four hundred feet high standing back of SA, a French ship dropped anchor on a June day in 1604. From it were unloaded cannon, implements, brick and provisions upon an island then and baptized St. Croix. One gets an excellent impression of this island on the way up from St. Andrews to St. Stephen. The island is no longer St. Croix but is called , indifferently, Doucet’s or Dochet’s.
            Historically St. Andrews is not without interest to those with a bent in that direction. From these, the canopied pulpit in the Greenock Church will evoke more than a perfunctory show of enthusiasm. The church building was begun one hundred and five years ago and completed a few years later by a well-to-do captain who determined to make it a monument worthy of the town and his own generosity. He ordered a carved oak tree to be embossed upon the face of the tower, in memory of his native Greenock, or Green Oak in Scotland. To the cabinet maker who fashioned of mahogany and bird’s eye maple “The finest pulpit in the province” he have a free hand. No nails were used in fitting the parts. Exquisite care was expended upon joints and panels, and the cost, according to St. Andrews tradition, was twelve thousand dollars. The first minister of the church is buried in the adjoining year. Besides performing his clerical duties he had time and disposition to found the “SA Friendly Society” to which all the town’s best born of a hundred years ago belonged. The members bound themselves to converse only “upon Religion, Morality, Law, Physics, Geography, History and the present or past state of nations.” As this curriculum would keep their meeting-hours reasonable occupied, they agreed, Scotchmen all, to make pause for no other refreshment than “spirits and water.”

St. Croix Courier
July 10,1930
SA Gymnasium Opened Under Distinguished Auspices
Lady Willingdon attends ceremony and presents honorary medal of merit to Miss Adaline Van Horne for work in interests of troop
Photo: A view of the Bay Scouts property of St. Andrews valued at more than $10,000. On the right is the club house erected by Miss Adaline Van Horne a few years ago on the left is the fine new Van Horne gymnasium opened under vice-royal auspices yesterday afternoon. The land on which these buildings are located was purchased and donate to the troupe by Miss Van Horne.
            Graced by the presence of the First lady of the Lind, the Viscountess Willingdon, wife of the Governor-general of Canada, the formal opening ceremonies of the new Van Horne Boy Scouts gymnasium were held at 2 o’clock this afternoon before a large audience including the most distinguished summer resident of St. Andrews. The ceremonies took place in the gymnasium and admittance was to invitation only. Senator Cairine Wilson acted as chairman, Mayor Elmer Rigby spoke briefly after which Lady Willingdon officially declared the gymnasium open. Refreshments were served on the grounds, following the ceremony.
            A feature of the program was the presentation of Lady Willingdon of an honorary medal of merit to Miss Adaline Van Horne, who has taken a deep interest in the welfare of the local Scout Troops and who, a few years ago, purchased land and had erected the Scout hall which adjoins the new gymnasium. The total value of the Scout property here is now well over $10,000.
            The leading spirit in the progress which the local scouts have made during recent years has been Rev. W. E. Ideson, pastor or the Baptist Church here who s Scout master has devoted a large part of his time in the work of the troops and also to interesting others in the Scout movement. The Scouts themselves have a particular pride in the new gymnasium, one of the finest in the province. They excavated the site and assisted generally in the work of construction.
            The present visit of Lady Willingdon is the first she has paid to St. Andrews since July 1927, when with the Governor-General she spent some days in Charlotte County, visiting SS, Milltown and other places. On that occasion photographs of both Lord and Lady Willingdon were presented to the local scouts. These photos now adorn the walls of the Scout hall along with those of Lord and Lady Baden-Powell.
Photo of A. Van Horne’s club house and the new gym. Hon. presentation by lady Willingdon to Ms. Van Horne.

St. Croix Courier
Nov 18/1937
Popular Young Couple Wed in St. Andrews.
A pleasant event took place in All Saints Church on Nov 15 when Rev. A. Brock Humphries, rector, united in marriage Alice McStay Wallace, youngest daughter of Mrs. Charles M. Wallace and the late C. M. Wallace and Robert Edwin Cockburn, only son of Mrs. and Mrs. E. A. Cockburn, St. Andrews. The bride entered the church on the arm of her mother and looked charming in turquoise blue velvet with hat to match and carried a bouquet of bronze mums. (Groom manager Cockburn’s drugstore. Off to Bermuda on honeymoon)

St. Croix Courier
Sept 21/1939
Shiretown Items—The Old Town Bell. What a kitchen is without a clock, St. Andrews is without the told town bell. Citizens have become so accustomed to its regular ringing that the day passes very unsatisfactorily without it. it is not that one any longer depends upon it for calls to labour or refreshment, but just because it is an old custom one certainly does miss it. The wooden wheel to which the bell-rope was attached had rotted out after many years of service and broke down one day lat week. A new wheel is being made by Nelson Pye, who also made the one which is being replaced. The present bell is the second one of the town, and was made by the McShane Bell Foundry of Baltimore, Md. It was bought by Mr. Foster for $144.50 and was hung on the 17th of December, 1879. It weighs 426 lb s. The bell-ringers from that time on were Michael Cloney, King Coole, Sandy Donald, David Keezer, William Campbell, Daniel Byrne, John S. Magee, Fred Craig, and Herbert Greenlaw, the present ringer who has rung the old bell for twenty-nine years. The minutes of the Town Council show that for two or three weeks during the summer of 1904 the ringing of the town bell was discontinued owing to the serious illness of a guest at Kennedy’s Hotel. The bell of the Anglican Church rang out the customary calls and was to serve as a fire-alarm as well, but fortunately was not needed in that capacity. In the old days the bell was rung at 6 o’clock to end the days’ work, instead of at 5 o’clock as now. One of the ringers of those old but not forgotten days caused quite a commotion one bleak November night. He rang the bell as usual at six o’clock after which he went home to lie down for a nap. He awoke at 5 to 7, and because of the darkness thought he had slept the night through. He rushed down and rang the bell again for 7 o’clock, but before he got away from the premises had the whole fire department there inquiring where the fire was!

St. Croix Courier
Dec 7/1944
Shiretown Items
What did Paul Say?
The mention of Brig Nancy, Capt. Paul, in the last item may recall to older folks an amusing true story handed down from those far-off days. It seems that a clergyman in one of our churches here at that time had been accustomed to engage passage to Saint John from time to time with the said Capt. Paul in the good ship “Nancy.” One Sunday mornign before church he sent his gardener down to the dock to interview Paul and arrange for a passage to Saint John next day. After faithfully carrying out his errand the gardener returned to attend the mornign service. Perhaps because of late hours the night before, or possibly from the effects of a dry and long winded sermon, the gardener went sound asleep in his pew. The preacher was expounding about the Apostle Paul. To emphasize a particualr point he exclaimed: “What did Paul say?” The gardener, unnoticed by the parson, stirred uneasily in his seat. Again in a louder voice the speaker roared: “and what did Paul say?” The gardener, only half awake by this time, called out to the consternation of all, “He said he wouldn’t take you again till you paid him for the last trip!”

Courier
Sept 11, 1947
St. Andrews, Sept 11.
Funeral services for William Van Horne, aged 39 years, were held at St. Andrews’ Church on Monday morning when requiem high mass was celebrated. He was buried in the Protestant Rural Cemetery overlooking Passamaquoddy Bay, and Minister’s Island where he spent many summers.
            Only grandson of the late Sir William Van Horne, a founder and president of the CPR, and son of the late Benjamin Van Horne, he had been staying at Weir, Quebec, where he was taken ill and died there on Friday, September 6. The body was brought to St. Andrews by train./
            Relatives attending the funeral at St. Andrews were his wife, his mother, Mrs. Bruce of Montreal, his daughter by his first marriage, Beverley Anne Van Horne and Matthew Hannon of Toronto, a brother-in-law.

St. Croix Courier
Sept 2/1948
(Tributes to “Caddy” Norris page 4 by Marguerite Shaughnessy and “A Friend.”)
The day broke beneath a misty mid-summer sun. there was a stillness in the air and even the cry of the gulls seemed hushed. Then I remembered. This was the children’s day of mourning, the day they would always remember for a few years with a sense of loss and sadness, but later in their lives with pride and gratitude that they had shared and been part of a great lesson in spiritual values.
            “Caddy” is dead. Who was he? To a stranger in town he would probably be just the “colored boy” who drove a team of old horses hitched to an old cart, doing all the hundred and one chores that always need doing in a small town.
            But to the children he was a most glamorous and beloved friend. His old cart seldom passed by without three or four youngsters sitting up behind him “learning to drive,” and no day was complete for them without a “ride with Caddy.”
            Today, at his funeral the little church was filled with men and women from all walks of life, who had come to pay their last tribute to a good, respected friend. But the greatest tribute of all was from the children, who all morning had gathered flowers and with loving little hands had made a beautiful white cross for Caddy.
            And so as the day ended beneath a misty mid-Summer sun, with a stillness in the air, a great lesson in spiritual values entered our hearts and we could truthfully say, “His ways are past finding out.”—Marguerite Shaughnessy

Good-bye to Caddy
In the little town of SA, NB, 58 years ago, was born a colored boy named Caddy Norris, the son of a chef at a local hotel. The chef and his wife died, leaving a daughter also. She was an invalid for many years and Caddy looked after her patiently and cheerfully until death came. There were times when Caddy became depressed owing to his color and some insulting remark he may have overheard. However, he was treated kindly by most people, and some understanding person always cheered him up and he soon felt better and went about his work. He drove a pair of black work horses and was a familiar figure on our streets where he will be greatly missed.
            As the only colored resident for many years at SA, he went to school with the while children, entered into their sports and later played in the band. As St. Andrews grew into a fashionable Summer resort, the children of families coming here looked forward to seeing Caddy and hearing his welcome “Hello Jean” or “John” or whoever it was and seeing the smile of welcome on Caddy’s face.
            Caddy is dead. But his welcome to all will not be forgotten. Today flags are at half-mast and the English church where his funeral service takes place is filled with people from all walks of life, paying respect to Caddy. There is a profusion of flowers and one large blanket of wild flower, forming a cross in the center, is from the school children. It reminds one in a small way of “The Miracle of the Bells.” He was grateful to his employers and appreciated even a good morning greeting or any recognition. Now he is honored in death.
            We can all learn a lesson of gratitude, cheerfulness and many other things from this man of lowly birth, who had so little of this world’s wealth but always gave out some happiness, if only a smile and a cheery “Hello Jim.”

St. Croix Courier
July 21/1955
Sunbury Haven, owned by Mr. and Mrs. E. R. Eidlitz, of New York City, was built in 1830 by the first magistrate of SA, Judge Hathaway. Greenock House, now owned by Mrs. George was built in 1824 by Captain Christopher Scott of Greenock, Scotland, and was intended as the manse of Greenock, Presbyterian Church here. the staircase in Greenock house of the same two kinds of mahogany used in the pulpit of Greenock church.

Courier
Dec 13/1973
SA Canadian Legion in Danger. History of Andraeleo Hall and Catholic Church “hall” attachment. Moved after construction of New Catholic Church.